Apparatus for use in building structures of concrete or other plastic material.



D. MORGAN.

APPARATUS FOR USE IN BUILDING STRUCTURES .OF CONCRETE OR OTHER PLASTIC MATERIAL APPLICATION FILED DEG.22,1906,

913,538 Patented Feb. 23, 1909 5 SHEETS-SHEET l Igl- YIH ,6?

APPLICATION FILED DEC.22,1908

' D.'MORGAN. v APPARATUSIOR USE IN BUILDING STRUCTURES OF CONCRETE OR OTHER PLASTIC MATERIAL.

Patented Feb. 23, 1909.

5 8HEETS-SHEET 2.

D". MORGAN.

APPARATUS FOR U$E IN BUILDING STRUCTURES OF CONCRETE OR OTHER PLASTIO MATERIAL.

APPLICATION FILED DEC.22.1906. 91 3,538. a Patented Feb. 23, 1909.

5 BHEETS-SHBET 8.

D. MORGAN.

APPARATUS FOR USE IN BUILDING STRUCTURES OF CONCRETE OR OTHER PLASTIC MATERIAL.

Patented Feb. 23, 1-909.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4 F -15 fig? 11 -1a APPLICATION FILED DEO. 22, 1906.

D MORGAN. APPARATUS FOR USE IN BUILDING STRUOITURES 0P CONCRETE OR OTHER PLASTIC MATERIAL.

Patented Feb. 23, 1909.

s BEEETSSHBET 5.

APPLICATION FILED DBO.22 ,1906.

311 i liiili @FFICE.

Spocification i Letters Pntont.

R USE IN E UILDQIG STRUCTURES OF CONCRETE OR OTHER PLASTIC IIZATERIAL.

Patented Feb. 28, .1909.

Application flied. December 22, 1906. Seria No. 349,149.

To all ttiiom it ittrg/ mu-nrrru:

Be it linown th-t "i, DAYU; lloiunix. a. subject of th King it tlroai Britain. residing. at No. l9 Ftanldand atroot. in-nun-oston. in

the State ol' Qtnania. .rustralin, St'ulptor and mason. h w. n'rntt-d improved Apparatun lur uso in Building Stunturns ot' i lw ol whi it tho A i'nrtlwr imporinnt a ivaiitaggo is that. tho 2 tarts but lllltltlll lor building; purposes.

' i -icl: layor ol tho (HittttlP ants, the arts to" tho apparatus iti't ltJHUVttl lor tho molls :ibm'u. honvo ilta 'ty ol riveting" lol't l'rainvw ork and tho QXPUUHQ ontizziiotl tin-ruby is obviaiod.

Tin i'v rst-nt'hil l rnturo ol this int'out'ion consists in tho use with mold boards of rmnovablo t'io rodx no rtnistrurtml as to hold tho inizii'tis in position whiio tho ronrrt-io r the him in living; iillud in and whilo it I u'l-- tin a-l'rr \\ltitll tho boards as wvll as tho rods aro rnmox'od.

'llhrl titrods, whit-h may llt of any suitablo rape in t'l'US-S sot-lion, aro so l'ornn'd at tlmir apparatus mnt'ists oi truinparntivoh' l'rw l l l l l l ds as to prtw'vnt the mold hoards shilling fla-nsvorsol r or longitudinally thus iuaurnn:

a truo Wrtirai and horizontal alinonwnt forming vt-nt iluos and anoi hvr m ld of dil forent shape for forming: :nnoho Hum: as will be rvadily undr-rstood.

The drawings 'llusira'iii iho inrontion :rnnpriso a number of views showing the most romntnn l'orin ol appliances herein employed l'or (Ollfitliltililfl a building of conoroto and ::.i(* in he understood as merely oxamplos ol ilii'} l 3- 1 whit-h tho general apparatus is :1. pp li mi.

Figure i is a plan ol :1 solid wall showing in po. iiio'n. ono l'orm ol the tie rod, and Fig. '3 a similar viow showing two kinda of adjustable tie rods. Fig. I) i a plan showing the mot: od ol' t-on..-lrtn-ting a hollow wall with Fig. -il is a plan :{nowin a tapering mold or (0P0 for forming vont llntn, or a :n-riaw ol cavities in a Wall. Fig. 5 a plan r i"0\\'iIi L an adjustable mold box for forming smoke lluea or a series of cavitios in a wall, and Fig. (i is a \erti 'al section on lino Vl -J'l Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a similar viow to Fig. (5 showing a modification thorool". Fig. 8 is an enlarged vertical auction on lino -"lll--- fili Fig. l, and Fig. 9 is a side oloi'ation tc iorooi'. Fig. 9 is an mid elo *alion ol the rod showing a Variation in the. ond i 'rrrol'. Fig. Ill) ii an enlarged vertical hrt'llUli on lino X X Fig. 2. Figs. it, 1'3 and t3 aro enlarged and elevations of the adirrdablo tit barand the method ol releasing if mold boards. Fig". 14 is a horizontal sorii n on lino X.l\'-XlV Fig. 11. Fig. 15 i horizontal not-lion on line XV-XV Fig.

l ig'. it; is. an end levation showing a. slight inodiiiration ot' t 't. rod as seen in Fig. it and. Fig. 17 is a side olo 'ation thereof. Fi 1%. it). 2t), El. 2'3, :23, 24 and .25 are viowh lllllall'illillfl aonit inodiiicaiions in tin ttllhil'llt'il of tho tio rod. Fig. 26, is wrtiral svrtion showing one method of iOl'titin;- projot-tions on at building.

Fig. 21 is motlillr'ziiion ol' the rod shown in Fig. 24. Figs. 2n and L") are rv porii\'el' v an end ole ration and vortit'al sot-lion showing another modilir'alion. is an end elevation arowing' a tie rod passing through a. board. l iga. 2H and 32 show modiiirations oi. the si-apo of tin and iuldors of the rods. Fig.

2-3;; is a torizont'nl sertion allowing the adaptation of the tie rod for forming curved walls on. Fig. 34 is a vertical acotion 01'' a ronovablo core box. Fig. 35 is a plan of it roilap;-'iblt core box. Fig. 36 is an enlarged brokon side rlevation of the angle strap shown in Fig. 3.

Aorording to this invention the tie rods -'-onsist' of comparatively thin rods of wood, natal or other Hillittblmaterial which are adapted to be placed transversely across plastic material is being such abutments may be formed of a. variety of she. es as for instance by providing either ed or adjustable shoulders, collars, disks, flanges or nutson the tie rods, or by forming grooves on the ends thereof as hereinafterdescribed.

The tie rods are formed at their ends in such a manner that they may be readily. removed if desired either by lifting the mold boards directly upwardly or outwardly and pushing the tie rods eudwise out of their nest in the plastic material, or by partially rotating the rods snd'then withdrawing the boards and said rods.

Referring now particularly to Figs. 1, 8

' and 9 of the drawings, it will be seen that the tie rod consists of a tapering rod 1 which may be straight, and is preferably circular in cross section and providedwith a circumferential groove 2 formed therein at either end. The side of the groove 3 adjacent to the concrete 0 is circular and the side 4. remote therefrom forming an. abutment or shoulder is either semi-circular as in Figs.

' 16 and 1? orspproximately so as re uired and out sway as at 5 flush with the neo 6 of the groove in the manner clearly shown in the Figs. 1, 8 or 9.

If preierredthe neck 6 of the groove may be fisttened on the some side as the flatpo r tion of the side 4 of the groove (Fig. 9) in order to clear the mold boerdsend so iaoili tate the removal of same when the tie rodsare turned round as hereinafter ex lained.

The boards 7, 7, forming the si es of the mold are adapted to fit between the grooves on the tie rods and beer u on the neck 6 thereof, and although boards are preferred metal plates may be substituted therefor.

Said boards are preferably formed with cox responding semi-circular or other shaped notches 36 out in their edges into which the neck 6 of the collar fits as shown in Figs. 16 and 17 in order to allow the boards to abut against each other on either ed e,. and prevent a longitudinal movement 0 sold boards 7 thus insuring a building being truly erected.

The boards are held inposition by turning the tie rode into thefposition shown at 8 in Fig. 9, at parts 5 of the semi-circu- Thesef boards and horizontal tie rods ere shifted nltered replaced or cdinsted es the Fig. 24.

eisess concrete is filled in and used for molding the next course of the work, and so on during the course of construction of the building. The lower boards are removed as shown in Fig. 9 by rotating the tie rods into the position shown in said figure at 9 and 10 when the fiat parts 5 of the semi-circular sides of the grooves are horizontal and adjacent to each other. The lowermost board 7 and the corres ending one on the op osite side may now be ifted side-wise from t e concrete and the lowermost tie rods 1 removed byrotatin same or imparting a. lateral blow to the en 11 thereof (Fig. 8). The intermediate tie rod 1* is leit'in until the next course of concrete is laid and partially set and any of the tie rods may remain permanently embedded in the concrete to form lugs for internal or external fittings, or for t e purpose of securing the boards permanently to the face of the walls.

Referring now to the various modifications of the tie rod, Fig. 18 shows one. form ofrod provided with .a shoulder of any suitable shape at both. ends which is employed for the v purpose of 1 holding boards permanently in position on the face of the wall.

Fig. 19 is a similar view to Fig. 18 but in this case one or both shoulders are removable and are screwed on the end or ends of the rod so that the spoce'between said shoulders-arev .adjustoble and furthermore the rod .Iney be readily removed from the wall by unscrewing one of said shoulders and then drawing the rod laterally. v

Fig. 20 shows a rod with an approximately semi-circular shoulder at either end one of which may be adj ustably secured to the rod by means of a screw ,15 in the manner shown in Fig. 2.

Fig.2 shows a rod adapted for use with hollow wells and is provided with alpair of shoulders at either end, the inner sho ders 3 of each pair being approximately semi-circu lsr. By this arrangement the partial rota-' tion of the rod will enable the mold boards to be moved inwards into the hollow ofthe wall from whence they may be withdrawn.

Fig. '22 is a. similar arran ementlo that shown in Fig. 21, the only iff'erenoe being that the inner shoulders 3 are -joined together.

Fig. 23 shows a rod with a continuous groove 2 formed in both ends thereof. In this adaptation the upper tie rods and the mold boards are first removed and then the lower tie rods. tinuous groove around the end of rod a partial groove only may be formed thereon by halving the rod longitudinally or two separategrooves may be formed on either side of Instead of forming a con- I each end of said'rod in the manner shown in j in Fi t e necli thereui is approximately flush on rioone side with the central body portion ol the rod so that o purl inl rotation of the hill or will free the hoards.

Fig. 26 shows it tie rod siniilzu' to that shown in Figs. us and l? hut having one or more or" the shoulders, forming the sides ol' the grooves, beveled as 3th 37 so :is to ennhlv mold honrds to he held in an outwardly inclined position. This urrungenient is ndvontngeous when forming projections or nioldings on walls.

in li'i 27 the rod is provided ttt one end with a. threaded neck or stud 138 upon whirh is screwedv a nut forming lhe shoulder l and the boards fit into the grooves 2 l'orni'ed l etween said nut and the shouldrr 3 ol' the rod. It will be obvious tlaz-tt said inovrihleshouldrr may be secured in posithm on the rod hy a pin or the like. The hoards may he freed by lifting some or b rerno ing' the out or shoulder 4 they may he removed outwardly.

In Figs. 253 find 29 the outside shoulder l is of slightly less depth than the-rod and is flattened on two sides and adapted to puss through corresponding elongsted notches so formed in the edges of the boards until the neck (5 fits into said .n tehes after which the rod is partially rotated into the position shown in Fig. 29 when the shoulder holds the boards in position. UV again reversing the rod until theshoulder 2 is opposite the notches 36 in the boards it may he with-- drawn. 'lhe notrhes or holes so may he formed through the boards in which case they would llfi zipproxinintr-zly semi-circular and have prefernhlv it recess to lit the neck of the shoulder -'l of the rod and said shoulder would he also :ipproxiumtely semi-circular as shown in Fig. 30 of the drawings.

Figs. 31 and 3'. show examples of the variousshapes the end shoulders may tnlrv. In this case the notches 30 in the hoards lune their edges shaped similarly to the end shoulders so that when lixrd in position they look with the hoards and prevent some from moving laterally or longritiu'linnll u.

Fig. 33 shows the opplit'ntion oi the rod when building" rurved walls as in the roustruetion ol' wrlls, pipes. like. in this tilS-f the llul; mold honlrls :'-.i'( .not suitable and in lieu thereof curved int-in or other plates or hoards 3f) ore emplowd and the latter are provided near their inveting edges with rorrespondino elongated slots t0 throng! whieh tlie-llntleueil shoulder, l of the tie rod passed for the purpose of seeur ing said ode-es. 'lhe rod in this case only provided with :t pair of shoulders :rt one r-.ud

end one such rod is used [or joining the edges of each curred plate.

1 usin r u 2: io .-n1en r .u '1 (is loo l l \e il)ll0ll"l) it is necessnr to have several sizes to suit walls ol varyiug thir-ln'iess but with the tie rods SllOWil in hugs. '3, 3, 1h, 11, 1;, 1.3 nod 15 the molds may he tidpisted to apply to walls ehinurers or the of an width. nm-orilinglv snid tie rods :u'o lornied ol' rompurniiqelr Iluu straight steelor olhor Ilitidl rods 1;. and 1hr grooves 3 ihero 1 on nre lornu'd ol' rollnrs or shoulders Chi r-nrh provided with :1 pair ol' di l s or [hinges ll}, l 1 set at the required disluurr :ipzu'l to suit the mold llom'ds \R ilik'll lit into snid grooves. ()ue lhuure H of (nu-h rolls. is spproxinnuely semi-rireulnr :unl l-w prr-l'rronre one rollur is ixod ro'ono end of the tie rod and the other is hollow or rr-rl sloiped and adopted to slide rod :uul he .it'lfltl thereto at .my part ol its length. Said :idjustnlde ('Ullill' may he r'lru prd in position h it set stud to pass through on extension ll) oi the hurrel ol' the collar us shown in Fig. '3, or sold rollur may have u nurrow strip ol' intornull proierting teeth 17 (l ig'. l l) extending lou;:;i tudinnllv along its inner uriphery and :ulu )ltd to engage with corresponding teeth lb rut out ol the exterior periphery ol the lie rod (h 15). With this hitter eonstruulion which is shown clearly in Nos. 1!, l2 :uul l5; the tie rod 1'. is out own or lhil tent-d us s .11) to permit the ('ollnr to inovo l'reel rdongr the tie rod until in position when said eollur is given a m'rtiul rotation in the direlrtlon of arrow in fig. 153 and the teeth I? engage with the recessed teeth lo of the tie rod und the two pan-ts loci: together in the manner shown in Figs. 11 or 113. By now engaging the end ll of the rod it may, in (conjunction with the collar ho rotnted in the direetion shown h arrow in Fig l i for the purpose of enabling: the grooves to lnierignged with or (li 3l[1 {'=1f -:((l from the mold boards. hen it is desired to remove the adjustable collars to tree tho hoards'said collar-rs are rotated in the direction shown hy arrow in Fig. 12 when the teeth thereon arrdiseng'nged l'roin those of the rod and they enter the spnee 300 formed between the llnttened portion .9 ol' the rod :unl the internal periphery ol' the horrel ltl oi the collar 36 so that said rod through the rollers and the whole removed from the wall. it will ho obvious that the teeth formed on the rolhu' and rod may hr of variable shape,

l ig'. :3 shows the ppliention ol the :uljustnblo tie rod 'ust deseribml, to the eonstrurtiou o1 a hollow wull in which exist odditionnl rollnrs ore eiuphrx'ed for holding the inner inold boards 20 and siiuihu lfiut i shorter tie rods are employed for seourfing i i l l l l the transverse boards 2]. used in forining'tl'ie may he drew u cross stays of concrete joining tho two skeleton \\'zLllS U. l

lirl'erring now to Fig. 4- the device shhwn therein eonsists of u tupm'ing metal or wooden mold or eore I23 luiving n horizcootnl hair 2.; across the top adopted to rest oss the top edges oi the bounds zuul it dun ployed l'or l'm'niing' n rnvity suitable for root 'liues in :1. solid wnll or for forming z. serios o'l rarities ther *in. 'lho taper on said core fie:

renders 1t easily rempvable from the con-- wopposing sides, while the central one is tapered. It will be obvious that if the core is rectangular the centralpiece thereof would be wedge shaped. x

Fig. '35 S'l'lOWS a collapsible core box 41, the sides and ends of which are separate and formed on their inner sides with vertical ribs 42 shaped to correspond with and fit grooves 43 formed in one or more blocks 44 adapted to be placed in said box for the purpose of holding the sides and ends together. It will be readily understood that the grooves may be formed on the sides and ends of the box and the ribs on the blocks.

Figs. 5 and 6 show an adjustable mold box or core for forming smoke lines or a, series of cavities-in a wall. It consists of! two adjustable parts 24, 24, having theiradjacent sides tapered as shown and a third or comiparatively long central part 25 correspond mgly tapered on two sides and adapted to engage with the said parts-24, 24, by means of dovetail joints 2.6. Said central part is provided at its upper end with a horizontal bar 23 adapted to rest on the vertical mold boards and also with a handle 27 and at its lower enditis provided with transverse holes 28 into which a projecting removable. pin 29 is inserted and the outer parts are provided on the top with pivoted cam-shaped plates 30 adapted to engage with the top of the central part or with one of'a series of transverse slots 31 formed in the sides thereof. With this construction the raising or lowering of the central part 25 causes the outer parts 24, 24 to move in or out respectively so as'to adapt the core to form a flue or cavity of any desiredwidth. The parts are locked together by turning the cam-shaped plates,

30 acrossthe top of the central part 25 or into engagement with one of the slots 31. in or or to remove the box the central part 25 is lifted sli' htly which draws the parts 24, 24 nears; .eac other, then the lateral pin 29 engages the underside of the latterso that by a continued upward lift of the central part-the whole core or box is lifted out of the concrete when the latter is p'artially set. A modification of this latter con'struction is,

shown in Fig. 7. In this instance the central tapering part 25 of the box is provided 'withtwo additional side pieces 32, 32, which depend fromthe horizontal bar or-plate 23 and ar tapered on one side-in an opposite manner to the, adjacent sides 24, 24 of said -central. part. The tapering sidesof said additional side pieces 32 are connected by lovetall joints 261 with correspondingly tapered mold boards 33. The silent oi 'brin said face into position" erases this arrangement is that by raising the bar or plate 23 from which depends the central part 25 and the two side'pieces 32, the space between the mold boards is widened and the space between the parts 24, 24 is decreased while the opposite effect is obtained by lowering said bar.

"in order to connect the mold boards at the junction of walls angular straps34 are used, each side of which is adapted to be secured to the boards by either removable or fixed pins or the like 35 extending laterally there-- from and fitting slots 35" formed in the lower edge of said straps (Fig. 36). It will be obvious that when it is desired to' brace.

the meeting ends of two boards the strap would be flat. that with the rods formed as herein described the boards may be held many position as for instancein bu lding floors or cellin' s therods would be vertical and the boards orizontal and all ties decorations o1' .ornamentations It is to be clearly understood canbe put in as the constructionof the building proceeds.

It Wlll be obvious from what has been hereinbefore stated that my mold comprises sides, and a tie -rod havingan abutment adapted when in its operative position to hold-one of the mold sides a ainst-lateral displacement, said abutment aving leasing face and being turnable to bring said lace into position to permit relative lateral displacement of said sides. In the resent.

instance I obtain the turning of sai abut-I. ment by turning the tie-rod with which it is connected; this, of course,'however, is not essential. Preferably the sides of the-mold are of sectional character, the sections being superposed and the outer portions of such rods extending between'the adpacent edges} of said superposed sections. T 10- part {lc 't'o which rel'erence has beerrhereinbel'ore made.

is one illustration of suoh'anabutnient or shoulder as that to which llave'referred, an d'the flattened face'of said abutment constitutes a simple andconvenient wayof form-' ing a releasing face such as that to which allusion has also been made.

Having now particularly. described and ascertained the nature of m said invention andin what manner. the same is to be per- -formed,l declare that whatIIclaim is: v 1.= -A mold comprising sides, and atie-rod having an abutment. adapted 'whcnin its operativeposition to holdone of'the mold sides 4 against lateral displamlfl lhfsfiid' abutment having a releasing faccaridbeing-turnable to.

tive ateral displacementcifpa di'sidcs.

2. A mold comprising sides; and a. having anabutment ada ted when in its merit having a releasing face, and the rod to permit rela tie-rod able to bring being turnable to bring said face into position to permit relative lateral displacement of said sides.

3. A mold comprising sides, and a tie-rod having abutments ada ted when in their operative ositions to oldiithe mold sides against-lat al displacement, said abutments having releasing faces andbeing turnable to bring the faces respectively into position to permit relative lateral movement of said sides. 4

4. A mold comprising sides, and a tie-rod having an abutment adapted when in its operative position to hold one of the mold sides against lateral displacement, said abutment having a releasing face and being turnable to bring said face into position to ermit relative lateral movement of said sides and being also adjustable transversely of the mo (1. i

5. A mold comprising sides, and a tie-rod having abutments adapted when in their operative positions to enga e against the outer faces of said sides to ho d the same against outward displacement, said abutments havingrreleasing faces and being turnable to bring said faces into position to permit-outward movement of said sides.

a 6. A mold comprising sides, and a tie-rod extending across said sides, said rod having a susstantially semi-circular abutment to co? operate with one of the sides and adapted when in its operative position to hold said cooperating side against lateral displacement, said abutment being turnable to bring it to a position to permit relative lateral displacement of the mold sides.

7. A mold comprising sides of superposed sections, a tie-rod extending across the mold and between the superposed sections thereof, the adjacent, edges of the sections being notched to receive the rod, and the latter having abutments adapted when in their operative positions to prevent relative lateral movement of said sections, and said abutments having releasing faces and being turnsaid faces into position to permit said relative lateral motion of said sections.

8. A mold comprising sides of superposed sections, tie-rods for said sides extending between the superposed sections, the latter being notched in their adjacent edges to re-' celve said tie-rods, and the latter having substantially semi-circular abutments adapted when in their operative positions to prevent relative lateral displacement of said sections.

9. A mold comprising sides, a tie-rod hav- 10. A mold comprising sides, and a tie-rod having an abutment adapted when in its operative osition to hold one of the mold sides against iateral displacement, said abutment having a releasing face and being turnable to bring said face into position to ermit relative lateral displacement of sai sides, the

abutment being ad'ustable longitudinally of the rod, and the a utment and rod having cooperating means when the abutment is turned to a certain point to hold the abuts ment in an adjusted position.

1 1. A mold comprising sides in su sections, and tierods for the mol having necks of reduced diameter, the sections of the sides being notched to receive said necks, and the said necks carrying substantially semi-circular abutments to engage against the outer faces of said sides.

12. A mold including rotatable supporting members, stationary side walls detachably engaging the supporting members, a core member interposed between the side walls, and means for rotating the supporting members to release the side walls.

In testimony whereof. I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing wit- HGSSCS.

DAVID MORGAN.

Witnesses:

EDWARD WATERS, WILLIAM HERBERT WATERS.

erposed 

